Methylmalonic Acid

What this laboratory test evaluates

Methylmalonic Acid (MMA)
This test is crucial for diagnosing vitamin B12 deficiency in adults and detecting inherited metabolic disorders in newborns and infants. High levels of MMA in blood or urine signal a lack of vitamin B12 in adults, making MMA a key marker for this condition. In young children, high MMA levels may indicate metabolic issues present from birth.

Who needs this test?Adults showing symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency, such as nerve problems, unsteady movements, memory issues, mood changes, and anemia, should consider the MMA test. This is particularly important for older adults or those with gastrointestinal issues affecting nutrient absorption. In the U.S., newborn screening includes the MMA test to check for metabolic disorders early on.

High MMA Risks:• Peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage)
• Ataxia (lack of coordination)
• Memory impairment
• Depression and behavioral changes
• Anemia

What type of sample is required for this test?2 mL serum.

Test Resources:
https://labtestsonline.org/tests/methylmalonic-acid https://www.hrsa.gov/advisory-committees/heritable-disorders/rusp/index.html

Additional test information

The Methylmalonic Acid (MMA) test is used in the diagnosis of acquired cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency in adults and to screen for inherited organic acidemia in neonates and infants. Elevated MMA in either blood or urine indicates vitamin B12 deficiency in adults, with MMA acting as a functional biomarker for vitamin B12 status. In neonates and infants, elevated MMA is associated with inborn errors of metabolism.

Collection and processing

• Sample type: Serum
• Fasting: No
• Estimated laboratory processing: Results should be available in 2 – 5 business days after the sample is collected

How Sunridge uses laboratory information

Sunridge considers the medical question, symptoms, history, medications, prior results, and whether the finding could change care before recommending testing. A laboratory result is not interpreted in isolation and does not establish a diagnosis by itself.

Before requesting this test

Availability, collection requirements, eligibility, and processing estimates can change. Sunridge reviews each request and, when appropriate, creates the order through Fullscript. Follow the current instructions supplied with the approved order.